jeudi 12 mars 2015

how to evaluate expression while declaring variable (in expression templates)


I'm trying to explore expression templates in C++. I'm trying to create a class for a 3D vector (basically vector of size 3) for storing coordinates, space vectors, forces, etc. which basically have three components.


So far I have only implemented class to perform summation of two vectors. The code works fine if I write vector3d z; z = x + y;. I.e. if I first declare z variable and then perform addition. However I get error when I try to write vector3d z = x + y; in one sentence. I get error: conversion from 'const ExprSum<vector3d, vector3d>' to non-scalar type 'vector3d' requested vector3d z_new = x + y ;


How should I implement to be able to use = during variable declaration?


Below is my complete code:



#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>

using namespace std;

/** @brief The base expression class */

template <class A>
class Expr{
public:
typedef std::vector<double> container_type;
typedef typename container_type::size_type size_type;
typedef typename container_type::value_type value_type;
typedef typename container_type::reference reference;

size_type size() const {return static_cast<A const&>(*this).size(); }
value_type operator [] (size_t i) const {return static_cast<A const&> (*this)[i];}
operator A&() { return static_cast< A&>(*this); }
operator A const&() const { return static_cast<const A&>(*this); }
};


/** @brief The vector3d class : The vector<double> with 3 elements */

class vector3d : public Expr<vector3d> {
private:
container_type _data;
public:
vector3d():_data(3){}
vector3d(const vector3d& _rhs){
*this = _rhs;
}

size_type size() const { return _data.size(); } // should return 3.

reference operator [] (size_type i){
assert(i < _data.size());
return _data[i];
}

value_type operator [] (size_type i) const {
assert(i < _data.size());
return _data[i];
}

template <class A>
void operator = (const Expr<A>& _rhs){
_data.resize(_rhs.size());
for(size_t i = 0; i < _data.size(); i++){
_data[i] = _rhs[i];
}
}

};

/** @brief class for summation of vectors */

template <class A, class B>
class ExprSum : public Expr <ExprSum<A,B> >{
private:
A _u;
B _v;
public:

typedef vector3d::value_type value_type;

ExprSum(const Expr<A>& a, const Expr<B>& b): _u(a), _v(b) {}

value_type operator [] (size_t i) const { return (_u[i] + _v[i]); }

size_t size() const { return _u.size(); }
};


/** @brief wrapper function of ExprSum class */
template <class A, class B>
ExprSum <A,B> const operator + (Expr<A> const& u, Expr<B> const& v){
return ExprSum <A,B> (u,v);
}


int main()
{
vector3d x,y;

x[0] = 1;
x[1] = 2;
x[2] = 3;

y[0] = 5;
y[1] = 4;
y[2] = 0;

// works fine
vector3d z;
z = x + y;

vector3d z_new = x + y ; // get error

return 0;
}



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