Finding CPU utilization and CPU cycles

My program is in C++ and I have one server listening to a number of clients. Clients send small packets to server. I'm running my code on Ubuntu.

I want to measure the CPU utilization and possibly total number of CPU cycles on both sides, ideally with a breakdown on cycles/utilization spent on networking (all the way from NIC to the user space and vice versa), kernel space, user space, context switches, etc.

I did some search, but I couldn't figure out whether it should be done inside my C++ code or an external profiler should be used, or perhaps some other way.